Abstract
Genetic counseling involves explaining the genetic evaluation assessment process and its conclusions to the patient/family, including what is known about the genetics of the patient’s condition, any possible medical and developmental implications, and the possible risk of recurrence to other family members. A genetic evaluation includes medical, developmental, and family histories; physical examination; determining appropriate laboratory; and ancillary testing; and interpretation of results of that testing. Genetic testing is much more complicated than a routine lab test in several ways. For a patient with a potentially inherited disorder, genetic counselors can be a valuable part of the treatment team due to the subtleties and frequent ambiguities of genetic testing results, as well as due to the dramatic ways test results can affect patients and families.
Genetic counselors are master’s level medical professionals trained in molecular and medical genetics as well as counseling psychology in 2-year programs that include clinical rotations. They often work as part of a team with other health professionals to provide comprehensive clinical assessment and accurate genetic counseling.