Abstract
The Israeli/Arab conflict over the Holy Land is carried out in both religious and secular discourses by Jews, Christians, and Muslims. This chapter outlines how secular discourses apparently came to supplant the theological in the public square since the Enlightenment. Secular international law proved unable to provide a conclusive basis for adjudicating contrary claims. Moreover, theological positions could be held together with secular ones to the same effect. This is particularly true of replacement theology that can be allied with similar secular arguments that deny the legitimacy of a Jewish state. This leads to interrogating how independent the two discourses are of one another. The essay concludes that a way forward may be through conducting parallel narratives that may engender empathy and by encouraging pragmatism.