Abstract
In recent years, international development has increased the use of a controversial\r approach to improve initiative uptake and to achieve targeted outcomes: performancebased\r incentives. Although incentives have been effective additions to many international\r development projects, some scholars are highly critical of their usage in sectors such as\r family planning and reproductive health. Given this controversy, this thesis examines the\r historical use of incentives, primarily as a means to control the fecundity of populations,\r and unveils the institutionalization of human rights violations within the population\r control and family planning movements. Ultimately, this thesis provides policy solutions\r that suggest, in spite of a troubled history, incentives can be used to promote family\r planning and reproductive health services without violating the rights of men and women.