A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope

Jan Röder; Maciek Wielgus; Andrei P. Lobanov; Thomas P. Krichbaum; Dhanya G. Nair; Sang-Sung Lee; Eduardo Ros; Vincent L. Fish; Lindy Blackburn; Chi-kwan Chan; Sara Issaoun; Michael Janssen; Michael D. Johnson; Sheperd S. Doeleman; Geoffrey C. Bower; Geoffrey B. Crew; Remo P.J. Tilanus; Tuomas Savolainen; C.M. Violette Impellizzeri; Antxon Alberdi; Anne-Kathrin Baczko; José L. Gómez; Ru-Sen Lu; Georgios F. Paraschos; Efthalia Traianou; Ciriaco Goddi; Daewon Kim; Mikhail Lisakov; Yuri Y. Kovalev; Petr A. Voitsik; Kirill V. Sokolovsky; Kazunori Akiyama; Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz; Walter Alef; Juan Carlos Algaba; Richard Anantua; Keiichi Asada; Rebecca Azulay; Uwe Bach; David Ball; Mislav Baloković; Bidisha Bandyopadhyay; John Barrett; Michi Bauböck; Bradford A. Benson; Dan Bintley; Raymond Blundell; Katherine L. Bouman; Michael Bremer; Christiaan D. Brinkerink; Roger Brissenden; Silke Britzen; Avery E. Broderick; Dominique Broguiere; Thomas Bronzwaer; Sandra Bustamante; Do-Young Byun; John E. Carlstrom; Chiara Ceccobello Chiara Ceccobello; Andrew Chael; Dominic O. Chang; Koushik Chatterjee; Shami Chatterjee; Ming-Tang Chen; Yongjun Chen; Xiaopeng Cheng; Ilje Cho; Pierre Christian; Nicholas S. Conroy; John E. Conway; James M. Cordes; Thomas M. Crawford; Alejandro Cruz-Osorio; Yuzhu Cui; Brandon Curd; Rohan Dahale; Jordy Davelaar; Mariafelicia De Laurentis; Roger Deane; Jessica Dempsey; Gregory Desvignes; Jason Dexter; Vedant Dhruv; Indu K. Dihingia; Sean Taylor Dougall; Sergio A. Dzib; Ralph P. Eatough; Razieh Emami; Heino Falcke; Joseph Farah; Edward Fomalont; H. Alyson Ford; Marianna Foschi; Raquel Fraga-Encinas; William T. Freeman; Per Friberg; Christian M. Fromm; Antonio Fuentes; Peter Galison; Charles F. Gammie; Roberto García; Olivier Gentaz; Boris Georgiev; Roman Gold; Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz; Minfeng Gu; Mark Gurwell; Kazuhiro Hada; Daryl Haggard; Kari Haworth; Michael H. Hecht; Ronald Hesper; Dirk Heumann; Luis C. Ho; Paul Ho; Mareki Honma; Chih-Wei L. Huang; Lei Huang; David H. Hughes; Shiro Ikeda; Makoto Inoue; David J. James; Buell T. Jannuzi; Britton Jeter; Wu Jiang; Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales; Svetlana Jorstad; Abhishek V. Joshi; Taehyun Jung; Mansour Karami; Ramesh Karuppusamy; Tomohisa Kawashima; Garrett K. Keating; Mark Kettenis; Dong-Jin Kim; Jae-Young Kim; Jongsoo Kim; Junhan Kim; Motoki Kino; Jun Yi Koay; Prashant Kocherlakota; Yutaro Kofuji; Shoko Koyama; Carsten Kramer; Joana A. Kramer; Michael Kramer; Cheng-Yu Kuo; Noemi La Bella; Tod R. Lauer; Daeyoung Lee; Po Kin Leung; Aviad Levis; Zhiyuan Li; Rocco Lico; Greg Lindahl; Michael Lindqvist; Jun Liu; Kuo Liu; Elisabetta Liuzzo; Wen-Ping Lo; Laurent Loinard; Colin J. Lonsdale; Amy E. Lowitz; Nicholas R. MacDonald; Jirong Mao; Nicola Marchili; Sera Markoff; Daniel P. Marrone; Alan P. Marscher; Iván Martí-Vidal; Satoki Matsushita; Lynn D. Matthews; Lia Medeiros; Karl M. Menten; Daniel Michalik; Izumi Mizuno; Yosuke Mizuno; James M. Moran; Kotaro Moriyama; Monika Moscibrodzka; Wanga Mulaudzi; Cornelia Müller; Hendrik Müller; Alejandro Mus; Gibwa Musoke; Ioannis Myserlis; Andrew Nadolski; Hiroshi Nagai; Neil M. Nagar; Masanori Nakamura; Gopal Narayanan; Iniyan Natarajan; Antonios Nathanail; Santiago Navarro Fuentes; Joey Neilsen; Roberto Neri; Chunchong Ni; Aristeidis Noutsos; Michael A. Nowak; Junghwan Oh; Hiroki Okino; Héctor R. Olivares Sánchez; Gisela N. Ortiz-León; Tomoaki Oyama; Feryal Özel; Daniel C.M. Palumbo; Jongho Park; Harriet Parsons; Nimesh Patel; Ue-Li Pen; Dominic W. Pesce; Vincent Piétu; Richard Plambeck; Aleksandar PopStefanija; Oliver Porth; Felix M. Pötzl; Ben Prather; Jorge A. Preciado-López; Giacomo Principe; Dimitrios Psaltis; Hung-Yi Pu; Venkatessh Ramakrishnan; Ramprasad Rao; Mark G. Rawlings; Angelo Ricarte; Bart Ripperda; Freek Roelofs; Alan Rogers; Cristina Romero-Cañizales; Arash Roshanineshat; Helge Rottmann; Alan L. Roy; Ignacio Ruiz; Chet Ruszczyk; Kazi L.J. Rygl; Salvador Sánchez; David Sánchez-Argüelles; Miguel Sánchez-Portal; Mahito Sasada; Kaushik Satapathy; F. Peter Schloerb; Jonathan Schonfeld; Karl-Friedrich Schuster; Lijing Shao; Zhiqiang Shen; Des Small; Bong Won Sohn; Jason SooHoo; León David Sosapanta Salas; Kamal Souccar; Joshua S. Stanway; He Sun; Fumie Tazaki; Alexandra J. Tetarenko; Paul Tiede; Michael Titus; Pablo Torne; Teresa Toscano; Tyler Trent; Sascha Trippe; Matthew Turk; Ilse van Bemmel; Huib J. van Langevelde; Daniel R. van Rossum; Jesse Vos; Jan Wagner; Derek Ward-Thompson; John Wardle; Jasmin E. Washington; Jonathan Weintroub; Robert Wharton; Kaj Wiik; Gunther Witzel; Michael F. Wondrak; George N. Wong; Qingwen Wu; Nitika Yadlapalli; Paul Yamaguchi; Aristomenis Yfantis; Doosoo Yoon; André Young; Ken Young; Ziri Younsi; Wei Yu; Feng Yuan; Ye-Fei Yuan; J. Anton Zensus; Shuo Zhang; Guang-Yao Zhao; Shan-Shan Zhao; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452600

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A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope

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A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope

Jan Röder, Maciek Wielgus, Andrei P. Lobanov, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Dhanya G. Nair, Sang-Sung Lee, Eduardo Ros, Vincent L. Fish, Lindy Blackburn, Chi-kwan Chan, …

Astronomy and astrophysics

03/2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202452600

Abstract

Astronomy

Astrophysics

Scientific Apparatus & Instruments

The 2017 observing campaign of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) delivered the first very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) images at the observing frequency of 230 GHz, leading to a number of unique studies on black holes and relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN). In total, eighteen sources were observed: the main science targets, Sgr A* and M87 along with various calibrators. We investigated the morphology of the sixteen AGN in the EHT 2017 data set, focusing on the properties of the VLBI cores: size, flux density, and brightness temperature. We studied their dependence on the observing frequency in order to compare it with the Blandford-Königl (BK) jet model. We modeled the source structure of seven AGN in the EHT 2017 data set using linearly polarized circular Gaussian components and collected results for the other nine AGN from dedicated EHT publications, complemented by lower frequency data in the 2-86 GHz range. Then, we studied the dependences of the VLBI core flux density, size, and brightness temperature on the frequency measured in the AGN host frame. We compared the observations with the BK jet model and estimated the magnetic field strength dependence on the distance from the central black hole. Our results indicate a deviation from the standard BK model, particularly in the decrease of the brightness temperature with the observing frequency. Either bulk acceleration of the jet material, energy transfer from the magnetic field to the particles, or both are required to explain the observations.

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Title: A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope
Creators: Jan Röder
Maciek Wielgus
Andrei P. Lobanov - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000316221484
Thomas P. Krichbaum - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000248929586
Dhanya G. Nair
Sang-Sung Lee - KASI, DaeJeon] (ORCID:000000026269594X
Eduardo Ros - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000195034892
Vincent L. Fish - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000271289345
Lindy Blackburn
Chi-kwan Chan
Sara Issaoun
Michael Janssen
Michael D. Johnson
Sheperd S. Doeleman
Geoffrey C. Bower
Geoffrey B. Crew - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000220793189
Remo P.J. Tilanus
Tuomas Savolainen
C.M. Violette Impellizzeri
Antxon Alberdi - Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000293711033
Anne-Kathrin Baczko
José L. Gómez - Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000341907613
Ru-Sen Lu
Georgios F. Paraschos - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000167573098
Efthalia Traianou
Ciriaco Goddi
Daewon Kim - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000349972153
Mikhail Lisakov - Valparaiso U., Catolica] (ORCID:0000000160883819
Yuri Y. Kovalev
Petr A. Voitsik - Unlisted] (ORCID:0000000212901629
Kirill V. Sokolovsky - Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.] (ORCID:0000000159916863
Kazunori Akiyama
Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz - Valencia U., Astro. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000278166401
Walter Alef - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron
Juan Carlos Algaba - Malaya U.] (ORCID:0000000169931696
Richard Anantua
Keiichi Asada - Academia Sinica
Rebecca Azulay
Uwe Bach - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000277228412
David Ball - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0009000923486879
Mislav Baloković - Yale Ctr. Astron. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000304766647
Bidisha Bandyopadhyay - Concepcion U.] (ORCID:0000000221388564
John Barrett - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000292900764
Michi Bauböck - Illinois U., Urbana] (ORCID:0000000255182812
Bradford A. Benson
Dan Bintley - Subaru
Raymond Blundell - Smithsonian Institution
Katherine L. Bouman - Caltech] (ORCID:0000000300774367
Michael Bremer - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres
Christiaan D. Brinkerink - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000223220749
Roger Brissenden
Silke Britzen - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000192406734
Avery E. Broderick
Dominique Broguiere - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:0000000191516683
Thomas Bronzwaer - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000311513971
Sandra Bustamante - Massachusetts U., Amherst] (ORCID:0000000161691894
Do-Young Byun
John E. Carlstrom
Chiara Ceccobello Chiara Ceccobello - Chalmers University of Technology
Andrew Chael - Princeton U.] (ORCID:0000000329666220
Dominic O. Chang
Koushik Chatterjee
Shami Chatterjee - Cornell U., Radio. Space Res. Ctr.] (ORCID:0000000228781502
Ming-Tang Chen - East Asian Observ.] (ORCID:0000000165733318
Yongjun Chen
Xiaopeng Cheng - KASI, DaeJeon] (ORCID:0000000344079868
Ilje Cho
Pierre Christian - Fairfield U.] (ORCID:0000000168209941
Nicholas S. Conroy
John E. Conway - Chalmers University of Technology
James M. Cordes - Cornell U., Radio. Space Res. Ctr.] (ORCID:0000000240491882
Thomas M. Crawford
Alejandro Cruz-Osorio
Yuzhu Cui
Brandon Curd
Rohan Dahale - Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000169829034
Jordy Davelaar
Mariafelicia De Laurentis
Roger Deane
Jessica Dempsey
Gregory Desvignes
Jason Dexter - Colorado U.] (ORCID:0000000339030373
Vedant Dhruv - Illinois U., Urbana] (ORCID:000000016765877X
Indu K. Dihingia - Shanghai Jiao Tong U.] (ORCID:0000000240640446
Sean Taylor Dougall - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000237691314
Sergio A. Dzib
Ralph P. Eatough
Razieh Emami - Smithsonian Institution
Heino Falcke - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000225266724
Joseph Farah
Edward Fomalont - NRAO, Charlottesville] (ORCID:0000000290362747
H. Alyson Ford - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000297970972
Marianna Foschi - Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000181474993
Raquel Fraga-Encinas - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000252221361
William T. Freeman
Per Friberg - Subaru
Christian M. Fromm
Antonio Fuentes - Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000287734933
Peter Galison
Charles F. Gammie
Roberto García - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:0000000265847443
Olivier Gentaz - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:0000000201154605
Boris Georgiev - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000235866424
Roman Gold
Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz
Minfeng Gu - Shanghai, Astron. Observ.] (ORCID:0000000244556946
Mark Gurwell - Smithsonian Institution
Kazuhiro Hada
Daryl Haggard - McGill U.] (ORCID:0000000168032138
Kari Haworth - Smithsonian Institution
Michael H. Hecht - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000241144583
Ronald Hesper - Groningen U.] (ORCID:0000000319186098
Dirk Heumann - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000276710047
Luis C. Ho
Paul Ho
Mareki Honma
Chih-Wei L. Huang - Academia Sinica
Lei Huang - Shanghai, Astron. Observ.] (ORCID:000000021923227X
David H. Hughes - INAOE, Puebla
Shiro Ikeda
Makoto Inoue - Academia Sinica
David J. James
Buell T. Jannuzi - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000215786582
Britton Jeter - Academia Sinica
Wu Jiang - Shanghai, Astron. Observ.] (ORCID:0000000173693539
Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000226623754
Svetlana Jorstad - Boston University
Abhishek V. Joshi - Illinois U., Urbana] (ORCID:0000000225145965
Taehyun Jung
Mansour Karami
Ramesh Karuppusamy - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000253072919
Tomohisa Kawashima - Tokyo U., ICRR] (ORCID:0000000185270496
Garrett K. Keating - Smithsonian Institution
Mark Kettenis - ASTRON, Dwingeloo] (ORCID:0000000261565617
Dong-Jin Kim - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000270382118
Jae-Young Kim
Jongsoo Kim - KASI, DaeJeon] (ORCID:0000000212290426
Junhan Kim - KAIST, Taejon] (ORCID:0000000242749373
Motoki Kino
Jun Yi Koay - Academia Sinica
Prashant Kocherlakota
Yutaro Kofuji
Shoko Koyama
Carsten Kramer - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:0000000249084925
Joana A. Kramer - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0009000330110454
Michael Kramer - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000241752271
Cheng-Yu Kuo
Noemi La Bella - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000281169427
Tod R. Lauer - NOIRLab] (ORCID:0000000332347247
Daeyoung Lee - Illinois U., Urbana] (ORCID:0000000233505588
Po Kin Leung - Hong Kong, Chinese U.] (ORCID:0000000288028256
Aviad Levis - Caltech] (ORCID:000000017307632X
Zhiyuan Li
Rocco Lico
Greg Lindahl - Smithsonian Institution
Michael Lindqvist - Chalmers University of Technology
Jun Liu - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000276157499
Kuo Liu - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000229537376
Elisabetta Liuzzo - Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna
Wen-Ping Lo
Laurent Loinard
Colin J. Lonsdale - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000340624654
Amy E. Lowitz - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000247474276
Nicholas R. MacDonald - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000266848691
Jirong Mao
Nicola Marchili
Sera Markoff - U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA] (ORCID:0000000195640876
Daniel P. Marrone - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000223671080
Alan P. Marscher - Boston University
Iván Martí-Vidal
Satoki Matsushita - Academia Sinica
Lynn D. Matthews - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000237288082
Lia Medeiros
Karl M. Menten - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000164590669
Daniel Michalik
Izumi Mizuno - Subaru
Yosuke Mizuno
James M. Moran
Kotaro Moriyama
Monika Moscibrodzka - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000246616332
Wanga Mulaudzi - U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA] (ORCID:000000034514625X
Cornelia Müller
Hendrik Müller - NRAO, Socorro] (ORCID:0000000292500197
Alejandro Mus
Gibwa Musoke
Ioannis Myserlis - IRAM, Granada] (ORCID:0000000330259497
Andrew Nadolski - Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.] (ORCID:0000000194799957
Hiroshi Nagai
Neil M. Nagar - Concepcion U.] (ORCID:000000016920662X
Masanori Nakamura
Gopal Narayanan - Massachusetts U., Amherst] (ORCID:0000000247236569
Iniyan Natarajan
Antonios Nathanail
Santiago Navarro Fuentes - IRAM, Granada
Joey Neilsen - Villanova U.] (ORCID:000000028247786X
Roberto Neri - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:0000000271764046
Chunchong Ni
Aristeidis Noutsos - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000241513860
Michael A. Nowak - Washington U., St. Louis] (ORCID:0000000169231315
Junghwan Oh - ASTRON, Dwingeloo] (ORCID:0000000249919638
Hiroki Okino
Héctor R. Olivares Sánchez - U. Aveiro (main)] (ORCID:0000000168337580
Gisela N. Ortiz-León
Tomoaki Oyama - KASI, DaeJeon] (ORCID:0000000340462923
Feryal Özel - Georgia Institute of Technology
Daniel C.M. Palumbo
Jongho Park
Harriet Parsons - Subaru
Nimesh Patel - Smithsonian Institution
Ue-Li Pen
Dominic W. Pesce
Vincent Piétu - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:000900063497397X
Richard Plambeck - UC, Berkeley] (ORCID:0000000167659609
Aleksandar PopStefanija - Massachusetts U., Amherst] (ORCID:0000000218895450
Oliver Porth
Felix M. Pötzl - IESL, Heraklion] (ORCID:0000000265798311
Ben Prather - Illinois U., Urbana] (ORCID:0000000203937734
Jorge A. Preciado-López - Perimeter Institute
Giacomo Principe
Dimitrios Psaltis - Georgia Institute of Technology
Hung-Yi Pu
Venkatessh Ramakrishnan
Ramprasad Rao - Smithsonian Institution
Mark G. Rawlings
Angelo Ricarte
Bart Ripperda
Freek Roelofs - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000154613687
Alan Rogers - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000319417458
Cristina Romero-Cañizales - Academia Sinica
Arash Roshanineshat - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000282809238
Helge Rottmann - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000317998228
Alan L. Roy - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000219310135
Ignacio Ruiz - IRAM, Granada] (ORCID:0000000209655463
Chet Ruszczyk - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000172789707
Kazi L.J. Rygl - Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna
Salvador Sánchez - IRAM, Granada] (ORCID:0000000280425951
David Sánchez-Argüelles
Miguel Sánchez-Portal - IRAM, Granada] (ORCID:0000000309819664
Mahito Sasada
Kaushik Satapathy - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000304333585
F. Peter Schloerb - Massachusetts U., Amherst
Jonathan Schonfeld - Smithsonian Institution
Karl-Friedrich Schuster - IRAM, St. Martin d'Heres] (ORCID:0000000328909454
Lijing Shao
Zhiqiang Shen
Des Small - ASTRON, Dwingeloo] (ORCID:0000000337235404
Bong Won Sohn
Jason SooHoo - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000319380720
León David Sosapanta Salas - U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA] (ORCID:0000000319796363
Kamal Souccar - Massachusetts U., Amherst] (ORCID:0000000179155272
Joshua S. Stanway - Central Lancashire U.] (ORCID:0009000376594642
He Sun
Fumie Tazaki - KASI, DaeJeon] (ORCID:0000000302360600
Alexandra J. Tetarenko - Lethbridge U.] (ORCID:0000000339064354
Paul Tiede
Michael Titus - MIT, LNS] (ORCID:0000000190013275
Pablo Torne
Teresa Toscano - Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.] (ORCID:0000000336587862
Tyler Trent - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0009000481163123
Sascha Trippe - Seoul Natl. U.] (ORCID:0000000304651559
Matthew Turk - Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.] (ORCID:0000000252940198
Ilse van Bemmel - ASTRON, Dwingeloo] (ORCID:0000000154732950
Huib J. van Langevelde
Daniel R. van Rossum - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000177726131
Jesse Vos - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000333497394
Jan Wagner - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000311056109
Derek Ward-Thompson - Central Lancashire U.] (ORCID:0000000311402761
John Wardle - Brandeis U.] (ORCID:0000000289602942
Jasmin E. Washington - Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.] (ORCID:0000000270460470
Jonathan Weintroub
Robert Wharton - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000274165209
Kaj Wiik
Gunther Witzel - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:000000032618797X
Michael F. Wondrak - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000268941072
George N. Wong
Qingwen Wu - Hua-Zhong U. Sci. Tech.] (ORCID:0000000347734987
Nitika Yadlapalli - Caltech] (ORCID:0000000332554617
Paul Yamaguchi - Smithsonian Institution
Aristomenis Yfantis - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000232447072
Doosoo Yoon - U. Amsterdam, GRAPPA] (ORCID:0000000186948166
André Young - Nijmegen U., IMAPP] (ORCID:0000000300002682
Ken Young - Smithsonian Institution
Ziri Younsi
Wei Yu - Smithsonian Institution
Feng Yuan - Fudan U.] (ORCID:0000000335646437
Ye-Fei Yuan - Hefei, CUST] (ORCID:0000000273304756
J. Anton Zensus - Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.] (ORCID:0000000174703321
Shuo Zhang - Michigan State U.] (ORCID:000000022967790X
Guang-Yao Zhao
Shan-Shan Zhao - Shanghai, Astron. Observ.] (ORCID:0000000297743606
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Publication Details: Astronomy and astrophysics
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Identifiers: 9924444645501921
Academic Unit: Martin A. Fisher School of Physics
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope

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