Abstract
A framework for analyzing and managing technology flows in the context of global competition is presented. The basic argument developed is that since flows of technology across country and firm boundaries can have important effects on the competitiveness of global firms, they also affect the competitive strategy of firms. Therefore, firms should manage technology flows explicitly as an integral part of the overall strategy. Managing international flows of technology requires addressing 4 sets of questions concerning strategy and implementation: 1. Should the firm provide technology to a foreign firm or subsidiary? 2. Should the firm acquire technology from a foreign firm or subsidiary? 3. How should intentional transfers be organized? 4. How should unintentional transfers be managed? The answers to these questions are likely to involve such factors as the characteristics of the technology, the competitive environment, the existing capabilities of the firms involved, and the competitive strategies of the firms.