Abstract
This article investigates the effects of instability on Turkish and Iraqi bilateral foreign trade. It focuses on Turkish exports to Iraq and their fluctuations before, during and after periods of regional and global instability. We find the effects of both global and regional instability to be positive on Turkish exports to Iraq. Based on our results, trade costs of instability in Iraq need to be evaluated carefully. Policy implications suggest that a long-term and sustained stability in Iraq might be preferred to a hasty and ad hoc solution.