Abstract
Multiple Copy Prescription Programs (MCPPs) are state initiatives intended to monitor the prescribing, dispensing, and consumption patterns of potent and abusable prescription drugs which are controlled substances. This analysis examines the impact of MCPPs on opioid and non-opioid analgesic use while considering the influence of patient and physician variables. Using cross-sectional data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a hierarchical choice model is used to predict the probability of a patient receiving a Schedule II, Schedule III, or Schedule IV opioid analgesic versus a non-scheduled analgesic. MCPPs have a negative influence (t = − 5.01) on Schedule II opioid use and a positive influence (t = 6.30) on Schedule III opioid use. These patterns suggest that less potent drugs are substituted for Schedule II analgesics in MCPP states. This study finds that MCPPs alter analgesic utilization patterns, which has implications for physician practice patterns and patient access to analgesic therapy.