Who Proved the Independence of the Continuum Hypothesis?

Paul Cohen is routinely represented as having proved the independence of the Continuum Hypothesis from the axioms of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory—despite the equally uncontroversial, and apparently contradictory, concession that Cohen proved only one of the two conditions on independence, Kurt Gödel having proved the other. In this essay we, Benjamin Callard and Palle Yourgrau, explore, and argue for a position on, this strange and unsatisfactory situation, and suggest that our position generalizes in ways that would upset the current conventions governing the assignment of credit for intellectual discoveries.