Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among men and women in the United States. Smoking cessation is a health behavior that can prevent death and disease, particularly lung cancer, and have a direct impact on reducing its incidence rate in the United States. Large scale public health campaigns have been effective at reducing overall smoking rates in the United States. However, more work can be done at an individual level to reduce lung cancer incidence by encouraging smoking cessation. The National Screening Lung Trial found that lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduced lung cancer mortality by 20% in high risk individuals that include those with a history of tobacco use. Annual screening combined with smoking cessation further reduced mortality among participants. Stakeholder organizations, such as the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid released unprecedented policy that required a documented encounter of shared decision-making using a decision aid and tobacco counseling during LCS deliberation for provider reimbursement. Despite these endorsements, tobacco cessation counseling is not routinely occurring alongside LCS deliberation. This study aimed to examine tools patient and provider-facing materials for tobacco cessation and LCS to identify areas where the two prevention strategies may be integrated and identify areas where patient-centered improvement measures can be implemented. The results of this study have implications for creating future LCS and tobacco cessation guidelines and new health behavior promotion materials in order to effectively combine two lung cancer prevention strategies and reduce the incidence of lung cancer.